基于RENESAS RL78/D1A、RL78/F12系列单片机的燃油汽车电动空调控制器解决方案
概述
10kW新能源大巴空调压缩机驱动主功率部分采用驱动光耦+功率模块的方案,虽然性能优良,但成本较高的问题一直难以避免。本方案通过采用低成本高性能的IGBT单管组合来替换功率模块,采用高集成度的驱动芯片来代替两颗光耦驱动,不但可降低整个系统BOM的设计成本,同时还能够保证系统的运行稳定性和可靠性。
优势
· RENESAS RL78/D1A系列单片机:最高主频32MHz,运算速度快,实现空调智能控制和复杂算法;集成LCD控制器,支持CAN/LIN通信,集成AD转换器和PWM输出,简化外围电路,设计简单,降低系统成本。
【RL78/D1A】
Microcontrollers for automotive low-end instrument clusters with built-in features such as sound generator, stepper motor controller/driver, and segmented LCD driver
RL78/D1A microcontrollers have a built-in sound generator which can set a volume level and tone frequency of 100 Hz to 6 kHz and has an automatic volume decrement function, up to four channels of stepper motor controller/driver which can set an 8-bit precision (pseudo 9-bit precision using a 1-bit addition function) pulse width (PWM output), and an LCD controller/driver which supports up to 216 segments. The 128-pin version has a built-in LCD bus interface and two channels of CAN, and expanded flash memory/RAM up to a maximum of 512 KB/24 KB, making these microcontrollers ideal for low-end instrument cluster.
Key Features:
ITEM | RL78/D1A(Autmotive Only) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pin Count | 48 pin | 64 pin | 80 pin | 100 pin | 128 pin | |
Memory | Program Flash | 24 to 64 KB | 48 to 64 KB | 48 to 256 KB | 64 to 512 KB | 256 to 512 KB |
SRAM | 2 to 4 KB | 3 to 4 KB | 3 to 16 KB | 4 to 24 KB | 16 to 24 KB | |
Data Flash | 8 KB | |||||
Register | General purpose register : 8-bit x 32 registers (8-bit x 8 registers x 4 banks) | |||||
Clock | High speed system clock: 1 to 20 MHz (VDD = 2.7 - 5.5 V) | |||||
High speed internal oscillator: 32, 24, 16, 8, 4 MHz (Ta = - 40 to +85 ℃) / 24, 16, 8, 4 MHz (Ta = -40 to +105 ℃) | ||||||
Low speed internal oscillator: 15 kHz, Sub system clock: 32.768 kHz | ||||||
I/O Port (I/O, In, Out) | 38 (35, 3, 0) | 54 (49, 5, 0) | 68 (63, 5, 0) | 84 (78, 5, 1) | 112 (107, 5, 1) | |
Timer | 16-bit | 8 channels x3 units | ||||
Real Time Clock (RTC) | 1 channel | |||||
Interval Timer | 1 channel | |||||
Watchdog Timer | 1 channel | |||||
Output | 24 channels | |||||
RTC output | 1 channel | |||||
10-bit A/D converter | 3 + 2 channels | 6 + 2 channels | 7 + 2 channels | 9 + 2 channels | ||
Serial Interfaces | CSI | 2 channels | 3 channels | |||
UART | - | 1 channel | ||||
Simplify I2C | 1 channel | |||||
LIN-UART | 2 channels | |||||
CAN | 0 or 1 channel | 0 or 1 channel | 0 or 1 channel | 1 or 2 channels | 2 channels | |
DMA controller | 2 channels | 4 channels | ||||
Stepper motor controller / driver(with ZPD) | 1 channel | 2 channels | 4 channels | |||
LCD controller/driver | 27 seg. x4 com. | 39 seg. x4 com. | 48 seg. x4 com. | 53 seg. x4 com. | 54 seg. x4 com. | |
LCD bias | Static, 1 / 3 bias, 1 / 4 duty | |||||
LCD bus interface | - | 8-bit read/write | ||||
Sound generator | Supported | |||||
Power supply voltage | 2.7 to 5.5 V | |||||
Operating ambient temperature | J grade products Ta = - 40 to + 85 ℃ / L grade products Ta = - 40 to +105 ℃ |
Pin Count / Memory Size Lineup:
Program Flash
SRAM
512KB 24KB | ● | ● | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
384KB 20KB | ● | ● | |||
256KB 16KB | ● | ● | ● | ||
128KB 8KB | ● | ● | |||
96KB 6KB | ● | ● | |||
64KB 4KB | ● | ● | ● | ● | |
48KB 3KB | ● | ● | ● | ||
32KB 2KB | ● | ||||
24KB 2KB | ● | ||||
Pins Package | 48 LFQFP | 64 LFQFP | 80 LFQFP | 100 LFQFP | 128 LFQFP |
Block Diagram:
· RENESAS RL78/F12系列单片机:最高主频32MHz,运算速度快,实现空调智能控制;集成多通道A/D转换通道和多路PWM输出,支持LIN通信,单芯片实现不带显示功能的汽车电动空调控制器,降低系统成本。
【RL78/F12】
The successors to the 78K0R and R8C, with the industry's lowest level of consumption current. Automotive general-purpose low-end microcontrollers with various built-in functions necessary for automotive application communications and implementing functional safety.
RL78/F12 microcontrollers are available in a 20 to 64-pin, 8 to 64 KB flash memory lineup, and realize the industry's lowest level of consumption current. They have a built-in LIN module as an automotive interface. With various built-in functions for realizing functional safety including flash memory CRC calculation, illegal memory access detection, RAM guard, A/D converter testing, and SFR guard, a highly reliable system can be built, so these microcontrollers can be used for industrial applications and of course automotive applications.
Key Features:
ITEM | RL78/F12 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pin count | 20-pin | 30-pin | 32-pin | 48-pin | 64-pin | |
Part Name | R5F1096x | R5F109Ax | R5F109Bx | R5F109Gx | R5F109Lx | |
Program flash (Byte) | 8 KB-64 KB | 16 KB-64 KB | ||||
Data flash with background operation (Byte) | 4 KB | |||||
SRAM (Byte) | 0.5 KB-4 KB | 1 KB-4 KB | ||||
OSC | External | High speed 1 MHz-20 MHz, Low speed 32.768 KHz | ||||
Internal | High speed 32/24/16/12/8/4/1 MHz, Low speed 15 KHz | |||||
CPU | RL78 CPU | |||||
I/O | 16 | 26 | 28 | 44 | 58 | |
Timer | 16-bit: 8 ch / Interval Timer: 1 ch / Real Time Clock: 1 ch / Wake up Timer: 1 ch / Watch dog Timer: 1 ch | |||||
10-bit A/D | 4 ch | 8 ch | 8 ch | 10 ch | 12 ch | |
Serial I/F | 20-pin |
| ||||
30-pin 32-pin |
| |||||
48-pin |
| |||||
64-pin |
| |||||
Common | LIN-UART: 1 ch | |||||
External interrupt | 5 ch | 6 ch | 10 ch | 12 ch | ||
DMA | 2 ch | |||||
Other | LVD, POR, key return | |||||
Voltage range | 1.8 V-5.5 V | |||||
Operating temperature | −40℃-85℃, −40℃-125℃ |
Pin Count / Memory Size Lineup:
Program Flash
SRAM
64KB 4KB | ●*1 | ●*1 | ●*1 | ●*1 | ●*1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
48KB 3KB | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
32KB 2KB | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
24KB 1.5KB | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
16KB 1KB | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
8KB 0.5KB | ● | ||||
Pins Package | 20 LSSOP | 30 LSSOP | 32 HWQFN | 48 LFQFP | 64 LFQFP |
*1 : 3KB available when the self-programing function is used.
Block Diagram:
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汽车空调控制器属于手动机械式,可以自动/手动调节出风风量。
分类:
手动机械式-早期汽车配置
电动电子式-较经济配置
全自动--最佳方案
多温区自动-高端配置
技术参数:
-左右温度分区自动调节
-CAN通信及网络管理
-自动/手动调节出风风量
-自动/手动调节出风模式
-自动/手动内外气切换功能
-自动/手动启动或关闭压缩机
-前后除霜功能
-座椅加热功能
-集成油箱盖和后备箱开启功能
-严格的EMC指标
-额定工作电压:12VDC
-工作电压范围:9V-16VDC
-最大电流:0.2A
-工作温度:-40℃-85℃
手动机械式-早期汽车配置
电动电子式-较经济配置
全自动--最佳方案
多温区自动-高端配置
汽车空气调节装置简称汽车空调。用于把汽车车厢内的温度、湿度、空气清洁度及空气流动调整和控制在最佳状态,为乘员提供舒适的乘坐环境,减少旅途疲劳;为驾驶员创造良好的工作条件,对确保安全行车起到重要作用的通风装置。一般包括制冷装置、取暖装置和通风换气装置。这种联合装置充分利用了汽车内部有限的空间,结构简单,便于操作,是国际上流行的现代化汽车空调系统。
随着此前几年汽车业尤其是轿车的快速增长,汽车零部件行业也得到了飞速的发展,汽车空调作为提高汽车乘坐舒适性的一种重要部件已被广大汽车制造企业及消费者所认可,至2013年8月止,在国内,国产轿车空调装置率已接近100%,在其它车型上的装置率也在逐年提高,汽车空调汽装置已成为汽车中具有举足轻重的功能部件。
我国作为世界上主要的空气压缩机生产基地,近几年来,受益于国民经济和汽车产业的快速发展,我国的汽车空调行业也取得了较快的发展。
到目前为止,我国已基本上形成了门类齐全,大、中、小配套的汽车空调生产体系,具备了年产轿车空调500-600万套,中、重型汽车空调40万套,大客车空调20万套的生产能力,不仅能完全满足我国汽车工业生产发展的需要,部分企业已具备了进入国际市场的能力。
尽管中国汽车空调市场潜力巨大,但也面临严峻的挑战,全球原料价格上涨给行业带来巨大成本压力;在产品方面,货车及一些专用车的空调生产较少,市场需求还不能满足;在技术方面,节能环保的发展趋势给行业提出新的挑战。随着中国汽车工业的蓬勃发展,未来消费者将更多地注重汽车的安全性、稳定性、舒适性、娱乐性、辅助性和节能减排性,一些更符合节能、环保要求的新型汽车空调产品将更受欢迎;在技术发展趋势方面,汽车空调将会向环保空调、绿色空调,小型节能化、舒适、自动化方向发展。
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