原标题：ST STM32G474RE MCU数字功率和马达控制参考设计

　　ST公司的stm32G474RE是基于Arm® Cortex®-M4 32位RISC核的高性能MCU,工作频率高达170MHz. Arm® Cortex®-M4内核具有单精度浮点单源(FPU),支持所有ARM单精度数据处理指令和所有的数据类型,还能实现全套DSP(数字信号处理)指令和存储器保护单元(MPU),可以增强应用的安全性.器件嵌入了高速存储器(128KB 闪存,32KB SRAM),连接到两个APB总线,两个AHB总线和32位多个AHB总先阵列的广泛的增强I/O和外设.器件还嵌入用于嵌入闪存和SRAM的保护机制如读出保护,写保护,安全记忆区和专用代码读出保护.器件还嵌入允许数学/算法功能加速的外设(用于三角函数的CORDIC和用于滤波功能的FMAC单元).器件提供两个快速12位ADC(5Msps),四个比较器,三个运放,四个DAC通路(2个内部和2个外部),一个内部基准电压缓冲器,一个低功耗RTC,一个通用32位计时器,两个专用于马达控制的16位PWM计时器,7个通用16位计时器和一个16位低功耗计时器.器件还集成了标准和先进通信接口如三个I2C,三个SPI,三个USART,一个UART和一个低功耗UART,一个FDCAN,一个SAI,USB设备和UCPD.器件工作电压1.71V-3.6V,工作温度-40 到 +85℃ (+105℃结温),-40 到 +105℃ (+125℃结温)和-40 to +125℃ (+130℃结温).本文介绍了STM32G431x6/x8/xB系列主要特性和框图,多AHB总线阵列图和电源方案图以及B-G474E-DPOW1Discovery开发板主要特性,框图,电路图和材料清单.

　　The STM32G431x6/x8/xB devices are based on the high-performance Arm® Cortex®-M4 32-bit RISC core. They operate at a frequency of up to 170 MHz. The Cortex-M4 core features a single-precision floating-point unit (FPU), which supports all the Arm single-precision data-processing instructions and all the data types. It also implements a full set of DSP (digital signal processing) instructions and a memory protection unit (MPU) which enhances the application’s security. These devices embed high-speed memories (128 Kbytes of Flash memory, and 32 Kbytes of SRAM), an extensive range of enhanced I/Os and peripherals connected to two APB buses, two AHB buses and a 32-bit multi-AHB bus matrix. The devices also embed several protection mechanisms for embedded Flash memory and SRAM: readout protection, write protection, securable memory area and proprietary code readout protection. The devices embed peripherals allowing mathematical/arithmetic function acceleration (CORDIC for trigonometric functions and FMAC unit for filter functions). They offer two fast 12-bit ADCs (5 Msps), four comparators, three operational amplifiers, four DAC channels (2 external and 2 internal), an internal voltage reference buffer, a low-power RTC, one general-purpose 32-bit timers, two 16-bit PWM timers dedicated to motor control, seven general-purpose 16-bit timers, and one 16-bit low-power timer. They also feature standard and advanced communication interfaces such as:

　　• Three I2Cs

　　• Three SPIs multiplexed with two half duplex I2Ss

　　• Three USARTs, one UART and one low-power UART.

　　• One FDCAN

　　• One SAI

　　• USB device

　　• UCPD

　　The devices operate in the -40 to +85℃ (+105℃ junction), -40 to +105℃ (+125 ℃ junction) and -40 to +125℃ (+130℃ junction) temperature ranges from a 1.71 to 3.6 V power supply. A comprehensive set of power-saving modes allows the design of low-power applications. Some independent power supplies are supported including an analog independent supply input for ADC, DAC, OPAMPs and comparators. A VBAT input allows backup of the RTC and the registers. The STM32G431x6/x8/xB family offers 9 packages from 32-pin to 100-pin.

　　STM32G431x6/x8/xB系列主要特性:

　　• Core: Arm® 32-bit Cortex®-M4 CPU with FPU, Adaptive real-time accelerator (ART Accelerator) allowing 0-wait-state execution from Flash memory, frequency up to 170 MHz with 213 DMIPS, MPU, DSP instructions

　　• Operating conditions:

　　– VDD, VDDA voltage range: 1.71 V to 3.6 V

　　• Mathematical hardware accelerators

　　– CORDIC for trigonometric functions acceleration

　　– FMAC: Filter mathematical accelerator

　　• Memories

　　– 128 Kbytes of Flash memory with ECC support, proprietary code readout protection (PCROP), securable memory area, 1 Kbyte OTP

　　– 22 Kbytes of SRAM, with hardware parity check implemented on the first 16 Kbytes

　　– Routine booster: 10 Kbytes of SRAM on instruction and data bus, with hardware parity check (CCM SRAM)

　　• Reset and supply management

　　– Power-on/power-down reset (POR/PDR/BOR)

　　– Programmable voltage detector (PVD)

　　– Low-power modes: sleep, stop, standby and shutdown

　　– VBAT supply for RTC and backup registers

　　• Clock management

　　– 4 to 48 MHz crystal oscillator

　　– 32 kHz oscillator with calibration

　　– Internal 16 MHz RC with PLL option (± 1%)

　　– Internal 32 kHz RC oscillator (± 5%)

　　• Up to 86 fast I/Os

　　– All mappable on external interrupt vectors

　　– Several I/Os with 5 V tolerant capability

　　• Interconnect matrix

　　• 12-channel DMA controller

　　• 2 x ADCs 0.25 μs(up to 23 channels). Resolution up to 16-bit with hardware oversampling, 0 to 3.6 V conversion range

　　• 4 x 12-bit DAC channels

　　– 2 x buffered external channels 1 MSPS

　　– 2 x unbuffered internal channels 15 MSPS

　　• 4 x ultra-fast rail-to-rail analog comparators

　　• 3 x operational amplifiers that can be used in PGA mode, all terminals accessible

　　• Internal voltage reference buffer (VREFBUF) supporting three output voltages (2.048 V, 2.5 V, 2.95 V)

　　• 14 timers:

　　– 1 x 32-bit timer and 2 x 16-bit timers with up to four IC/OC/PWM or pulse counter and quadrature (incremental) encoder input

　　– 2 x 16-bit 8-channel advanced motor control timers, with up to 8 x PWM channels, dead time generation and emergency stop

　　– 1 x 16-bit timer with 2 x IC/OCs, one OCN/PWM, dead time generation and emergency stop – 2 x 16-bit timers with IC/OC/OCN/PWM, dead time generation and emergency stop

　　– 2 x watchdog timers (independent, window)

　　– 1 x SysTick timer: 24-bit downcounter

　　– 2 x 16-bit basic timers

　　– 1 x low-power timer

　　• Calendar RTC with alarm, periodic wakeup from stop/standby

　　• Communication interfaces

　　– 1 x FDCAN controller supporting flexible data rate

　　– 3 x I2C Fast mode plus (1 Mbit/s) with 20 mA current sink, SMBus/PMBus, wakeup from stop – 4 x USART/UARTs (ISO 7816 interface, LIN, IrDA, modem control)

　　– 1 x LPUART

　　– 3 x SPIs, 4 to 16 programmable bit frames, 2 x with multiplexed half duplex I2S interface

　　– 1 x SAI (serial audio interface)

　　– USB 2.0 full-speed interface with LPM and BCD support

　　– IRTIM (infrared interface)

　　– USB Type-C™ /USB power delivery controller (UCPD)

　　• True random number generator (RNG)

　　• CRC calculation unit, 96-bit unique ID

　　• Development support: serial wire debug (SWD), JTAG, Embedded trace macrocell™

图1.STM32G431x6/x8/xB系列框图

　　图2.STM32G431x6/x8/xB系列多AHB总线阵列图

图3.STM32G431x6/x8/xB系列电源方案图

　　B-G474E-DPOW1Discovery开发板

　　The B-G474E-DPOW1 Discovery kit is a digital power solution and a complete demonstration and development platform for theSTMicroelectronics Arm® Cortex®-M4 core-based STM32G474RET6 microcontroller. Leveraging the new HRTimer-oriented features, 96 Kbytes of embedded RAM, math accelerator functions and USB PD3.0 offered by STM32G474RET6, the BG474E-DPOW1 Discovery kit helps the user to prototype applications with digital power such as a buck-boost converter, RGBpower LED lighting or a class-D audio amplifier, based on the USB 2.0 FS Type-C™ connector interface. The B-G474E-DPOW1Discovery kit does not require any separate probe as it integrates the STLINK-V3E debugger and programmer.

　　The STM32G474RET6 microcontroller features FMAC and CORDIC mathematical HW accelerator, five 12-bits ADCs (5 MSPS)up to 42 channels and with resolution up to 16-bit with hardware oversampling, seven 12-bit DAC channels, seven ultra-fast railto-rail analog comparators, six operational amplifiers with PGA mode, seventeen timers (with various advanced functionalities),four I2C Fast mode plus, five USARTs, one LPUART, four SPIs, one SAI, three FDCAN controller, one USB 2.0 full-speedinterface and a UCPD block allowing connection to USB Type-C™ compatible with USB Power Delivery, a true random numbergenerator, one FMC parallel synchronous interface, a quad-SPI memory interface, SWD and JTAG debugging support.

　　This Discovery kit offers everything required for users to start and develop applications. The hardware features on the boardhelp to evaluate the following peripherals: USB Type-C™ compatible with USB PD3.0, HRTimer evaluation, digital power forbuck-boost application with Class-D audio amplifier and RGB power LED lighting. Thanks to its two 32-pin 2.54 mm pitchextension connectors, it also enables users to plug it on a breadboard for prototyping. The integrated STLINK-V3E provides anembedded in-circuit debugger and programmer for the STM32 MCU.

　　图4.B-G474E-DPOW1Discovery开发板外形图(顶视)

　　图5. B-G474E-DPOW1Discovery开发板外形图(底视)

　　B-G474E-DPOW1Discovery开发板主要特性:

　　• STM32G474RET6 Arm® Cortex®-M4 core-based microcontroller, featuring 512 Kbytes of Flash memory and128 Kbytes of SRAM, in LQFP64 package

　　• USB Type-C™ with USB 2.0 FS interface compatible with USB PD3.0

　　• RGB power LED for a bright lighting

　　• Digital power buck-boost converter with internal or external Input voltage and with on-board resistor loads

　　• Audio class-D amplifier capable

　　• 4 user LEDs

　　• 3 LEDs for power and ST-LINK communication

　　• 4-direction joystick with a selection button

　　• Reset push-button

　　• Board connectors:

　　– USB Type-C™

　　– USB micro-B

　　– 2 x 32-pin header, 2.54 mm pitch, daughterboard extension connector for breadboard connection

　　• Flexible power-supply options: ST-LINK USB VBUS or USB Type-C™ VBUS or external source

　　• On-board STLINK-V3E debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability: mass storage, Virtual

　　COM port,and debug port

　　• Comprehensive free software libraries and examples available with the STM32CubeG4 MCU package

　　• Support of a wide choice of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) including IAR™, Keil®, and GCCbasedIDEs

　　• Handled by STM32CubeMonitor-UCPD software tool

　　图6. B-G474E-DPOW1Discovery开发板硬件布局和配置图

图7. B-G474E-DPOW1正面布局图

图8. B-G474E-DPOW1背面布局图