原标题：Atmel ATA664251 LIN总线系统开发方案

　　Atmel公司的ATA664251是系统级封装(SiP)器件,包括LIN系统基础芯片(LIN-SBC),它集成了LIN收发器,5V稳压器(80mA),窗口看门狗,带高压电流源的8路高压开关接口和用于配置和诊断的16位SPI;以及带有16KB闪存的AVR 8位汽车微控制器Atmel ATtiny167.电源电压高达40V,工作电压5-27V,工作温度–40℃ 到+125℃,主要用LIN节点.本文介绍了ATA664251一般特性和主要特性,框图,框图和多种典型应用电路,以及Atmel® ATA664251开发套件和PC接口板主要特性,电路图,PCB元件布局图,设计图和材料清单.

　　Atmel® ATA664251 is a system-in-package (SiP) product, which is especially well suited for complete LIN-bus nodeapplications. It is designed specifically for LIN switch applications and includes nearly the entire LIN node. The AtmelATA664251 consists of two ICs in one package supporting highly integrated solutions for in-vehicle LIN networks. The firstchip is the Atmel ATA664151 LIN system basis chip (LIN-SBC), which has an integrated LIN transceiver, a 5V regulator(80mA), a window watchdog, an 8-channel high-voltage switch interface with high-voltage current sources and a 16-bit SPIfor configuration and diagnosis.

　　The second chip is an automotive microcontroller from the AVR® 8-bit microcontroller series from Atmel with advanced RISCarchitecture and the Atmel ATtiny167 with 16-Kbyte flash memory.

　　All pins of the LIN-SBC as well as all pins of the AVR microcontroller are bonded out to provide customers the same flexibilityfor their applications they are accustomed to when using discrete parts.

　　ATA664251一般特性:

　　● Single-package high performance, low-power AVR® 8-bit microcontroller withLIN transceiver, 5V regulator (80mA current capability), watchdog, 8-channelhigh-voltage (HV) switch interface with high-voltage (HV) current sources and16-bit serial programming interface (SPI)

　　● Very low current consumption in sleep mode

　　● 16-Kbyte flash memory for application program

　　● Supply voltage up to 40V

　　● Operating voltage: 5V to 27V

　　● Temperature range: Tcase = –40℃ to +125℃

　　● QFN48, 7mmx7mm package

　　The LIN-SBC includes an eight-channel high voltage switch interface, a LIN 2.1 and SAEJ2602-2-compliant LIN transceiver,low-drop voltage regulator, and an adjustable Window Watchdog. The voltage regulator has an output voltage of 5V and isable to drive 80mA. This chip combination is especially designed for LIN switch applications. It is designed to handle lowdata-rate communication in vehicles (such as in convenience electronics). Improved slope control at the LIN driver ensuressecure data communication up to 20kBaud. Sleep Mode and Active Low-power Mode guarantee minimal current

　　consumption even in the case of a floating bus line or a short circuit on the LIN bus to GND.

　　ATA664251主要特性:

　　● 8-channel HV switch interface with HV current sources

　　● Linear low-drop voltage regulator, up to 80mA current capability, VCC = 5.0V ±2%

　　● Fulfills the OEM “Hardware Requirements for LIN in Automotive Applications Rev.1.3”

　　● LIN master and slave operation possible

　　● Supply voltage up to 40V

　　● Operating voltage VS = 5V to 27V

　　● Internal voltage divider for VBattery sensing (±2%)

　　● 16-bit serial interface (daisy-chain-capable) for configuration and diagnosis

　　● Typically 8μA supply current during sleep mode

　　● Typically 35μA supply current in active low-power mode

　　● VCC undervoltage detection (4ms reset time) and watchdog reset logical combined at open drain output NRES opendrain output

　　● LIN high-speed mode up to 200kBit/s

　　● Adjustable watchdog timer via external resistor

　　● Negative trigger input for watchdog

　　● LIN physical layer complies with LIN 2.1 specification and SAE J2602-2

　　● Wake-up capability via LIN bus and CL15

　　● Bus pin is overtemperature and short-circuit protected versus GND and battery

　　● Advanced EMC and ESD performance

　　图1. ATA664251 LIN SBC框图

　　AVR MCUATtiny87/167部分

　　The Atmel ATtiny87/167 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR® enhanced RISC architecture. Byexecuting powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the Atmel ATtiny87/167 achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPSper MHz allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.

　　The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directlyconnected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instructionexecuted in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten timesfaster than conventional CISC microcontrollers.

　　The Atmel ATtiny87/167 provides the following features: 8K/16K byte of In-System Programmable Flash, 512bytesEEPROM, 512bytes SRAM, 16 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, one 8-bit Timer/Counterwith compare modes, one 8-bit high speed Timer/Counter, Universal Serial Interface, a LIN controller, Internal and ExternalInterrupts, a 11-channel, 10-bit ADC, a programmable Watchdog Timer with internal Oscillator, and three softwareselectable power saving modes. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the SRAM, Timer/Counter, ADC, AnalogComparator, and Interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the register contents, disabling allchip functions until the next Interrupt or Hardware Reset. The ADC Noise Reduction mode stops the CPU and all I/Omodules except ADC, to minimize switching noise during ADC conversions.

　　The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high density non-volatile memory technology. The On-chip ISP Flash allows theProgram memory to be re-programmed In-System through an SPI serial interface, by a conventional non-volatile memoryprogrammer or by an On-chip boot code running on the AVR core. The Boot program can use any interface to download theapplication program in the Flash memory.

　　By combining an 8-bit RISC CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel ATtiny87/167 is apowerful microcontroller that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications.

　　The Atmel ATtiny87/167 AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including: C Compilers,Macro Assemblers, Program Debugger/Simulators, In-Circuit Emulators, and Evaluation kits.

　　AVR MCUATtiny87/167部分主要特性:

　　● High performance, low power AVR® 8-bit microcontroller

　　● Advanced RISC architecture

　　● 123 powerful instructions – most single clock cycle execution

　　● 32x 8 general purpose working registers

　　● Fully static operation

　　● Non-volatile program and data memories

　　● 8Kbytes/16Kbytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) program memory flash

　　● Endurance: 10,000 write/erase cycles

　　● 512bytes In-System Programmable EEPROM

　　● Endurance: 100,000 write/erase cycles

　　● 512bytes internal SRAM

　　● Programming lock for self-programming flash program and EEPROM data security

　　● Low size LIN/UART software In-System Programmable (ISP)

　　● Peripheral features

　　● LIN 2.1 and LIN 1.3 controller or 8-bit UART

　　● 8-bit asynchronous Timer/Counter0

　　● 10-bit clock prescaler

　　● One output compare or 8-bit PWM channel

　　● 16-bit synchronous Timer/Counter1

　　● 10-bit clock prescaler

　　● External event counter

　　● Two output compares units or 16-bit PWM channels each driving up to four ouput pins

　　● Master/Slave SPI serial interface

　　● Universal Serial Interface (USI) with start condition detector (Master/Slave SPI, TWI, ...)

　　● 10-bit ADC

　　● 11 single ended channels

　　● Eight differential ADC channel pairs with programmable gain (8x or 20x)

　　● On-chip analog comparator with selectable voltage reference

　　● 100μA ±10% current source (LIN node identification)

　　● On-chip temperature sensor

　　● Programmable Watchdog Timer with separate on-chip oscillator

　　● Special microcontroller features

　　● Dynamic clock switching (external/internal RC/watchdog clock) for power control, EMC reduction

　　● DebugWIRE On-Chip Debug (OCD) system

　　● Hardware In-System Programmable (ISP) via SPI port

　　● External and internal interrupt sources

　　● Interrupt and wake-up on pin change

　　● Low power idle, ADC noise reduction, and power-down modes

　　● Enhanced power-on reset circuit

　　● Programmable brown-out detection circuit

　　● Internal calibrated RC oscillator 8MHz

　　● 4MHz to 16MHz and 32kHz crystal/ceramic resonator oscillators

　　● I/O

　　● 16 programmable I/O lines

　　● Operating voltage

　　● 2.7V to 5.5V for Atmel® ATtiny87/ATtiny167

　　● Speed grade

　　● 0MHz to 8MHz at 2.7V to 5.5V (Automotive Temperature Range: –40℃ to +125℃)

　　● 0MHz to 16MHz at 4.5V to 5.5V (Automotive Temperature Range: –40℃ to +125℃)

　　图2.AVR MCUATtiny87/167框图

　　图3.ATA664251 LIN从应用电路:CSx引脚有不同外接电路

　　图4.ATA664251 LIN从应用电路:用于RGB-LED控制

　　图5.ATA664251 LIN从应用电路:用于小型直流马达H桥控制

　　图6.ATA664251 LIN从应用电路:继电器驱动器

　　Atmel® ATA664251开发套件

　　The development kit for the Atmel® ATA664251 IC consists of the PC interface board(ATAB0004A-V2.0) and the Atmel ATA664251 application board (ATAB664251A-V1.0)attached together as one unit. The kit provides users with a quick start guide for prototypingand testing new LIN designs with the Atmel ATA664251 IC.

　　The ATAK43001-V1 evaluation kit includes the Atmel® ATA664251 which is a System-in-Package (SiP) product, particularly suited for complete LIN-bus node applications. It consists of two ICs in one package and is especially designed for LIN-switch applications, including nearly the complete LIN node. The first chip is the LIN-system-basis-chip (LINSBC) ATA664151, which has an integrated LIN transceiver, a 5V regulator (80mA), a window watchdog, an 8-channel high voltage switch interface with high voltage current sources and a 16-bit SPI for configuration and diagnosis. The second chip is an automotive microcontroller from the series of AVR® 8-bit microcontrollers from Atmel with advanced RISC architecture, the Atmel ATtiny167 with 16-Kbytes flash memory. The kit is designed for evaluation of the ATA664251 SiP and facilitates the development of inexpensive, low-end, but also powerful nodes for LIN bus systems meeting the latest OEM requirements. It supports flexible configuration of different I/O types (digital switch, rotary switch, LED; controlled by PC-based user interface) and includes a debug & programming connector for convenient development of the embedded AVR µC software with standard AVR tools.

　　Atmel® ATA664251开发套件主要特性:

　　The development kit for the Atmel® ATA664251 IC has the following features, starting with the features of the AtmelATA664251 (ATAB664251A-V1) board:

　　● All necessary components to put the Atmel ATA664251 into operation are included to simulate and test the realapplication

　　● LEDs connectable to all HV ports

　　● 1x RGB LED

　　● 8x push-buttons

　　● 8x rotary switches

　　● Easy access to all pins

　　● ISP connector for on-chip ISP (in-system programming)

　　● Easily adaptable watchdog times by replacing a single resistor

　　● Possibility of selecting between master or slave operation (mounting D2 and R1)

　　● Push button included for creating a local wake-up after entering sleep mode

　　● Easily adaptable current level of the current sources by replacing a single resistor

　　● Ground coulter clip for connecting probes easily when measuring with the oscilloscope

　　The interface board (Atmel ATAB0004A) has the following features:

　　● Easy connection to a PC (AT90USB1287 on board)

　　● USB interface to PC

　　● SBC functions easily configurable via PC GUI

　　● ISP connector for in-chip ISP (in-system programming)

　　● JTAG connector for on-chip debugging

　　● Buzzer

　　● On-board RESET button

　　● On-board boot loader button to force AVR® into DFU mode at reset

　　● 16MHz crystal for system clock

　　图7.Atmel® ATA664251开发板外形图

　　PC接口板材料清单(BOM):

　　Atmel® ATAB664251A开发板材料清单(BOM):